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11.
Governing Deviance in Public Space through Mayoral Orders: Fields Mismatch and Metropolitan Turbulence 下载免费PDF全文
Alessandro Maggioni 《Social Policy & Administration》2017,51(7):1431-1449
This article addresses the issue of policy change and its consequences on the organizational field and institutional context, looking at the role of an instrument transfer process. We adopt a political sociology approach to policy instruments to account for the impact that the introduction of a securitarian instrument, the mayoral order, had on the implementation process of a social policy. Through a genealogy of the instrument we identify a constitutive, normative and cognitive dimension. Our aim is to explain the interaction between these institutional dimensions, the re‐definition of the organizational field of the policy, and the dynamics of metropolitan politics. Following a synthesis of the policy process and the institutional arrangements where the policy is implemented, we show how the instrument transfer triggered a division within the organizational field, and the rise of institutional tensions amongst local authorities. In the conclusion, we identify the institutional dimensions of the instruments and the policy implementation scale as elements that are to interact with public‐private relationships and institutional arrangements, and that have an impact on implementation process and policy outcome. 相似文献
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陈慧 《北华大学学报(社会科学版)》2014,(6):73-76
民国时期,在婚姻家庭变革思潮的影响下,一些不甘于承受不幸婚姻的城市女性开始逐渐冲破传统的“从一而终”的思想束缚,当婚姻无法维系时,尝试选择以离婚的方式还自己自由之身。但在民国当时的社会条件下,城市女性自由离婚之路却充满了荆棘和坎坷。女性自由离婚的实现还需要其自身和社会做长期的努力。 相似文献
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社区工作站作为承接政府社区公共服务职能的新型社会组织,似乎并未真正摒弃行政化积弊及普遍性怠政现象,凸显出事实与价值背离的发展悖境态势。在当前新工作情境下,社区工作站无论是窗口、街头还是社区,其实都呈现出无工作负荷的“空转”状态,并彰显惯习性运作的体制化印记,而体制化“空转”的致因逻辑又在于情境暗示效应下的规章制度软性约束、街道办“示范效应”及社区工作“应付法则”。对此,有必要由情境反思予以解悖,从“干净的石板(clean slate)”出发,在政策原点上破解社区工作站的运行困境,尝试社区工作站的机构撤并及职能删减,以摒除社区公共服务工作中本不该有的体制化“空转”状态,力促基层组织体制改革去行政化的不二取向。 相似文献
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We report findings from an evaluation of the Mentors in Toledo Schools program (MITS), which pairs adult community volunteers with elementary school students in need of reading support. Begun in 2012, MITS now operates in five elementary schools in Toledo Public Schools. A quasi-experimental study of 379 students (n = 128 mentored, n = 251 comparison) tested the effectiveness of MITS, using changes (fall to spring) in students’ scores on STAR Reading. Multilevel models demonstrate students who participated in MITS made statistically significant, and educationally meaningful, reading gains compared to students who did not participate. Further, an investigation of the importance of dosage revealed that number of mentoring sessions is related to students’ outcomes; students who participated in reading mentoring at least once per week showed the most educationally meaningful improvements. We also report qualitative feedback from adult program participants, including teachers, mentors, and site coordinators, to help contextualize the STAR Reading results. These findings speak to the opportunity for community volunteers to act as low-cost and effective supports for urban elementary school students who are at-risk for reading failure. 相似文献
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Piotr Żuk 《Social movement studies》2018,17(2):251-255
This article describes urban and tenant movements that have been created in Poland in response to the commercialization of urban space and the complete commodification of the right to housing. On the one hand, spatial segregation in Polish cities was fully approved by the state; on the other hand, it became a source of income for new owners of acquired buildings, who often used criminal methods to intimidate tenants. Brutal evictions encountered social resistance from the emerging tenant movement, non-institutionalized left-wing communities and endangered tenants, who were often pensioners and members of the lower classes. The author mentions undertaken and possible methods of social self-defence such as eviction blockades and rent strikes. He also raises the question of whether urban movements can become part of a broader social movement for systemic change. 相似文献
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本文在考虑职工基本养老保险典型不同缴费基数参保者寿命存在异质性的情况下,通过内部收益率的计算考察典型不同缴费基数参保者之间的养老金收入再分配效应。首先根据省级宏观截面数据估计了职工基本养老保险典型不同缴费基数参保者退休时的平均余命,再据此分别计算和比较不同参保群体的内部收益率。
研究发现职工基本养老保险制度总体上呈现微弱的正向收入再分配效应。虽然低缴费基数参保者内部收益率略高于中、高缴费基数参保职工,但其内部收益率因相对较短的寿命而大大降低。这也提醒政策制定者在研究制定延迟退休、社会养老保险全国统筹等政策时需要充分考虑参保职工内部不同群体间的平均预期寿命差别,对低收入参保者予以特别关注。 相似文献
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陈佳冀 《湖南大学学报(社会科学版)》2019,(5):87-94
对初始情境中受难者“陷困”功能的探讨,是“动物叙事”叙事语法研究中不容忽视的一环,其中贯穿了一个最为基础的叙事功能指向——“抉择之痛”。强调“动物与人”两类受难者角色在身体、心理抑或情感维度陷入某种矛盾与纠结的状态,并且彼此间时常呈现出一定的矛盾悖反性。这一角色身份由动物形象与人类形象分别或共同承担,均指向一种叙事伦理层面的现代境遇的表达。在题材范畴方面,这一功能指涉涵盖了家养类与野生类“动物叙事”各自的叙事范畴。其效力边际已不仅仅局限在单纯生态视域与人性指涉的层面,而是凸显现代语境下人类所面临的共通性的伦理困境:一种挥之不去的矛盾、困惑与不安的情感和心境的写照。 相似文献